What are the different ways to include JavaScript in an HTML file?

JavaScript is an essential part of modern web development, enabling dynamic content and interactive features on web pages. There are several methods to include JavaScript in an HTML file, each with its own advantages and use cases. Understanding these methods is crucial for optimizing performance, maintainability, and ensuring a smooth user experience.

Methods to Include JavaScript

1. Inline JavaScript

Inline JavaScript is written directly within an HTML element using the `onclick`, `onmouseover`, or other event attributes. This method is useful for small scripts or event handlers.

<button onclick="alert('Hello, World!')">Click Me</button>

While inline scripts can be convenient, they can lead to code that is harder to maintain and debug, especially in larger applications. It's generally best to avoid this method for anything beyond simple interactions.

2. Internal JavaScript

Internal JavaScript is placed within a `